Definition

Carpal tunnel syndrome is compression of the median nerve at the wrist, leading to hand pain, numbness, and weakness.

Prevalence

Affects 3–6% of adults, particularly those performing repetitive hand or wrist motions.

Symptoms

• Numbness or tingling in thumb, index, and middle fingers

• Wrist or hand pain, especially at night

• Weak grip or dropping objects

• Symptoms worsened by typing or gripping

Diagnosis

• History and physical examination

• Tinel’s and Phalen’s tests

• Nerve conduction studies or EMG

• Ultrasound may show nerve swelling

Treatment Options

• Wrist splints

• Activity modification

• Anti-inflammatory medication

• Steroid injections

• Surgical release of the carpal tunnel for persistent cases