Definition

Pituitary tumours develop in the pituitary gland and may overproduce hormones or cause compression of nearby structures.

Prevalence

Common; up to 10% of people may have a pituitary tumour, often discovered incidentally.

Symptoms

• Hormonal imbalance (e.g., excess prolactin, cortisol, or growth hormone)

• Vision loss from pressure on the optic nerves

• Headaches

• Fatigue, menstrual changes, or libido changes
  

Diagnosis

• MRI of the pituitary region

• Comprehensive hormone blood tests

• Visual field testing

Treatment Options

• Medications for prolactin-secreting tumours

• Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery

• Radiotherapy for residual or recurring tumours

• Long-term hormone monitoring